Maldoror and the Completed Works of the Comte de Lautréamont

Isidore Lucien Ducasse was one of the most mysterious poets in French literature. During his literature career, he used a pen name Comte de Lautrà ©amont and created only two works – Les Chants de Maldoror (in English, it is known as The Songs of Maldoror or just Maldoror) and Poesies. These works influenced considerably modern literature and are considered to be one of the first really surrealistic books. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Maldoror and the Completed Works of the Comte de Lautrà ©amont specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The Songs of Maldoror is one of the most exciting and horrifically wonderful books in French literature, and, probably, in the whole world. Maldoror is a bright surreal image of a great philosopher and murder simultaneously. The influence of the Lautrà ©amont’s work is really great; his idea of terrible and misunderstood human being, Maldoror, turned out to be a real shock during the times of its creation, and has even the greater power nowadays. Maldoror is the major character of this novel and its narrator. He addresses to the reader, to his victims, and to everyone who could accidently read this story. This character is a pitiless murder, a sadist, who tries to hide behind the mask of a great philosopher. He is an outcast, who does not want to follow the general rules set by the society. However, all these characteristics do not make his a really negative hero. He is a fighter; he has his strong point of views and is ready to prove them any time. He knows a lot about ethics and philosophy, and he also truly believes that this society is guilty because it cannot accept Maldoror as he is. â€Å"Mother, I can hardly breathe: my head aches†¦/See, he slumps against the back of chair, exhausted†¦/I hear in the distance prolonged screams of the most poignant anguish/My son!/Mother, I’m scared!† (Lautrà ©amont and Lykiard 45 ) At the beginning of the story, Maldoror even asks to forgive his intentions and ideas. He knows that what he is saying is weird, but he cannot do something to stop all this. He offers the reader to kidnap a child in order to torture him/her, enjoy the taste of his/her blood and tears. The first lines present a new character to the reader, he is really powerful with his own ambitions and intentions. He may easily present lots of evidences and proof that his ideas are correct. He says that blood is tasteless and this is what makes it so attractive. Maldoror has a burning desire to taste everything that not every person may allow and encourage the other to follow his example. One more idea, that deserves attention in this work, is Maldoror’s impiety. God is the creator of all beings in the world. He is the only one who has the right to create everything according to his own taste and desire. Maldoror cannot agree with such a decision to deprive him of being a normal part of t he world. Advertising Looking for essay on literature languages? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More His ugliness and dissimilitude with the other humans makes him feel angry with God and despise own Creator. Such anti-theism of the main character contradicts all the religious aspects of those times and makes Maldoror unique and interesting to the reader. He blames God for all his sufferings and poor understanding from the society’s side. The character, created by Lautrà ©amont, is rather original for the literature works at the end of the 19th century. Any other writer has never created such personalities before and never used such strong evidences to prove his correctness of such inhuman ideas and actions. â€Å"His hero (or anti-hero) Maldoror is one of the greatest rebels of literature. Satanic, sadistic and Promethean, he plunges his whole being resolutely into evil and monstrosity, breaking taboos in search of tran scendence.† (Rees 266) Another aspect that fascinated me a lot is the author’s imagery of animals. Ducasse compares humans with numerous animals, both exotic and everyday ones. In order to be like an animal, a human being should get rid of personal vanity. Pretension to culture and a fear to go against the set social norms – this is what binds the person and does not allow him/her to enjoy the life. The choice of animals is really unique. He does not concentrate on such animals as rabbits and polecats, which are always afraid of something and cannot prove their positions in this life. People cannot be compared to such small and cowardly creatures. Maldoror chooses such animals as sharks, eagles, wolves, turkeys, and tigers to underline their power and rights. These animals are described from a pure biological point of view, as this very standpoint cannot be disproved. Maldoror prefers to be a son of tiger or a shark. To my mind, in such case, he could easily exp lain his hunger and cruelty, which are so inherent to those both animals. After I read Maldoror and the Complete Works of the Comte de Lautrà ©amont, translated by Alexis Lykiard, I was pleasantly amazed by its violent content. The author did not afraid to use terrific words, describing the actions of Maldoror, and, even more, to encourage other people to do the same things. I really enjoy the structure of the novel – it was like a conversation of the main character, Maldoror with me. When he asks whether we ever taste the blood after we accidently cut a finger a bit, I unwittingly nod my head. Telling the truth, I have never thought that my blood is tasteless. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Maldoror and the Completed Works of the Comte de Lautrà ©amont specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Of course, it does not mean that I start searching for a knife or something to cut my finger once again and check it . However, I start thinking whether its tastelessness makes any blood unique, and, upon the whole, what is so special about blood, and why so many people want to taste it. I suddenly remember the movies about vampires and other butchers, who cannot but admire someone else blood. The characters of these movies get unbelievable pleasure from other people’s blood, especially when people try to resist and fight for their lives. Is it possible that, inside of every person, a kind of vampire lives and tempts to break all moral norms from time to time and do something not inherent to all humans? Maldoror and the Complete Works of the Comte de Lautrà ©amont is a kind of time bomb that just has to blow up during these times. Modern culture and the interests of modern people, young people in particular, are quite different. Some readers may enjoy this book and be sure that it reflects a lot of burning issues, which trouble many people. However, some reader may find this book rather aggressive and inappropriate for everyone. It is possible that the readers of young age may comprehend the essence of the book in a wrong way and follow its examples without thinking about the consequences. This is why it is crucially important to make certain limitations on those, who can read this work, and those, who cannot. Without any doubts, the work by Comte de Lautrà ©amont is one of the best surrealistic books of all the times. Lots of translations have been already presented to the readers, the work by Alexis Lykiard is one of the best ones. Maldoror and the Complete Works of the Comte de Lautrà ©amont attracts many readers by its simple language and structure. From time to time, Lykiard uses long sentences in order to represent the oddness, which Isidore Ducasse wanted to underline. This book corresponds to almost all surrealistic features: gothic style, evil main character with its â€Å"correct† philosophy, identifiable plot, and a bit epic form. For French li terature, such work was not inherent. The author made an attempt to recede Romanism and lyrics, which characterized French literature of the 19th century, and presented a terrific hero, who evoked pity, fear, and misunderstanding simultaneously. This story cannot leave indifferent any person. Someone will be fascinated; the others may feel a kind of disgust. Not every writer may present such stories in the way, chosen by Ducasse: bold ideas, awesome actions, and animal desires. Such characteristics are not about an ordinary man. Advertising Looking for essay on literature languages? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Lots of them are beyond my understanding, however, such uniqueness amazes and fascinates me with every new page read. Our life changes every day, and we cannot be always ready to these changes. However, Isidore Ducasse created this story at the end of the 19th century, and could not even guess that his story would be relevant during all the centuries. Works Cited Lautrà ©amont, Comte. Maldoror and the Complete Works of the Comte de Lautrà ©amont. Trans. Alexis Lykiard. Cambridge: Exact Change, 1994. Rees, William. The Penguin Book of French Poetry. Penguin Classics, 1992. This essay on Maldoror and the Completed Works of the Comte de Lautrà ©amont was written and submitted by user EddieLau to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Mary Shelleys Cloning essays

Mary Shelley's Cloning essays If we look at Mary Shelleys Frankenstein, cloning and the moral issues surrounding it become prevalent. The creature in the novel was in essence and by definition a human clone. The real monster in the story, though, was doctor Frankenstein himself. He attempts to do humanity a service by searching for a way to cheat death and perpetuate life. In doing so, the doctor creates a being that ironically takes life away. Shelleys position on cloning is that the possible benefits are not positive enough to overcome the bad and, thus, that cloning is negative in practice. Her opinion is only one out of many. There are a great many positives that cold also come out of cloning as well. A clone is a replication of an individual in a select species that is created asexually. The first question you have to answer when dealing with human cloning is What is a human? To be human and have the characteristics of the species are the ultimate goals for a clone. A human being is a creature who thinks on a higher level than other animals. The thing that separates us as humans from other animals is the ability to reason. The capacity to learn and differentiate between any number of things and analyze that same information is a defining characteristic of reasoning. If a clone is created asexually, the question that stems from this creation becomes, Is this thing human? Although on a much higher level of thought than animals, people still have instinctual reactions toward everything. Mankind is afraid of the things it does not know. Being that we do not know what exactly a clone will be in our society or if it will be the same as the rest of us, it is understandable that people, with this innate feeling of anxiety, fear clones. This feeling could explain our continual search for all the answers to the questions of life, philosophy, and the arts. We also get a sense that we as humans nee...

A Comparative Study of Professional and Traditional College Students Perception Towards Two Wheeler Brands

A RESEARCH REPORT ON â€Å"A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PROFESSIONAL AND TRADITIONAL COLLEGE STUDENTS PERCEPTION TOWARDS TWO WHEELER BRANDS† CONTENTS 1. HISTORY OF BAJAJ ? Profile ? Key Person ? Bajaj Introduction ? Company History ? Timeline Of New Release 2. HISTORY OF HERO HONDA ? Board Of Directors ? Company Profile 3. HISTORY OF TVS 4. OBJECTIVES OF THE RESEARCH 5. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ? Data Source ? Research Approach ? Sampling Unit ? Data Completion And Analysis ? Scope 6. LIMITATION OF RESEARCH STUDY 7. ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION 8. FINDINGS 9. CONCLUSION 10. RECOMMENDATION 11. BIBLIOGRAPHY 12. QUETIONNAIRE Bajaj Auto limited is one of the largest two wheeler manufacturing company in India apart from producing two wheelers they also manufacture three wheelers. The company had started way back in 1945. Initially it used to import the two wheelers from outside, but from 1959 it started manufacturing of two wheelers in the country. By the year 1970 Bajaj Auto had rolled out their 100,000th vehicle. Bajaj scooters and motor cycles have become an integral part of the Indian milieu and over the years have come to represent the aspirations of modern India. Bajaj Auto also has a technical tie up with Kawasaki heavy industries of Japan to produce the latest motorcycles in India which are of world class quality The Bajaj Kawasaki eliminator has emerged straight out of the drawing board of Kawasaki heavy industries. The core brand values of Bajaj Auto limited includes Learning, Innovation, Perfection, Speed and Transparency. Bajaj Auto has three manufacturing units in the country at Akurdi, Waluj and Chakan in Maharashtra, western India, which produced 2,314,787 vehicles in 2005-06. The sales are backed by a network of after sales service and maintenance work Shops all over the country. Bajaj Auto has products which cater to every segment of the Indian two wheeler market Bajaj CT 100 Dlx offers a great value for money at the entry level. Similarly Bajaj Discover 125 offers the consumer a great performance without making a big hole in the pocket. Bajaj Auto is a major Indian automobile manufacturer. It is Indias largest and the worlds 4th largest two- and three-wheeler maker. It is based in Pune, Maharashtra, with plants in Waluj near Aurangabad, Akurdi and Chakan, near Pune. Bajaj Auto makers motor scooters, motorcycles and the auto rickshaw. COMPANYS HISTORY Bajaj Auto came into existence on November 29, 1945 as M/s Bachraj Trading Corporation Private Limited. It started off by selling imported two- and three-wheelers in India. In 1959, it obtained license from the Government of India to manufacture two- and three-wheelers and it went public in 1960. In 1970, it rolled out its 100,000th vehicle. In 1977, it managed to produce and sell 100,000 vehicles in a single financial year. In 1985, it started producing at Waluj in Aurangabad. In 1986, it managed to produce and sell 500,000 vehicles in a single financial year. In 1995, it rolled out its ten millionth vehicles and produced and sold 1 million vehicles in a year. Timeline of new releases ? 1971 three-wheeler goods carrier ? 1972 Bajaj Chetak ? 1976 Bajaj Super ? 1977 Rear engine Autorickshaw ? 1981 Bajaj M-50 ? 1986 Bajaj M-80, Kawasaki Bajaj KB100 ? 1990 Bajaj Sunny ? 1994 Bajaj Classic ? 1995 Bajaj Super Excel ? 1997 Kawasaki Bajaj Boxer, Rear Engine Diesel Autorickshaw ? 1998 Kawasaki Bajaj Caliber, Legend(Indias first four-stroke scooter) ? 2000 Bajaj Saffire ? 2001 Eliminator, Pulsar 2003 Caliber115, Bajaj Wind 125, Bajaj Pulsar ? 2004 Bajaj CT 100, New Bajaj Chetak 4-stroke with Wonder Gear, Bajaj Discover DTS-i ? 2005 Bajaj Wave, Bajaj Avenger, Bajaj Discover ? 2006 Bajaj Platina ? 2007 Bajaj Pulsar-200 Scooters ? Bajaj Sunny ? Bajaj Chetak ? Bajaj Cub ? Bajaj Super ? Bajaj Wave ? Bajaj Legend Motorcycles ? Kawasaki Eliminator ? Bajaj Pulsar ? Bajaj Kawasaki Wind 125 ? Bajaj Boxer ? Bajaj CT 100 ? Bajaj Platina ? Baja j Caliber ? Bajaj Discover ? Bajaj Avenger ? Bajaj Pulsar 220 DTS-Fi Upcoming Models Bajaj Krystal ? Bajaj Blade ? Bajaj Sonic ? Bajaj XCD String New Image The company, over the last decade has successfully changed its image from a scooter manufacturer to a two wheeler manufacturer, product range ranging from Scooterettes to Scooters to Motorcycle. Its real growth in numbers has come in the last 4 years after successful introduction of a few models in the motorcycle segment. The company is headed by Rahul Bajaj who is worth more than US$1. 5 billion. India has the largest number of two wheelers in the world with 41. 6 million vehicles. India has a mix of 30 percent automobiles and 70 percent two wheelers in the country. India was the second largest two wheeler manufacturer in the world starting in the 1950’s with the birth of Automobile Products of India (API) that manufactured scooters. API manufactured the Lambrettas but, another company, Bajaj Auto Ltd. surpassed API and remained through the turn of the century from its association with Piaggio of Italy (manufacturer of Vespa). The license raj that existed between the1940s to1980s in India, did not allow foreign companies to enter the market and imports were tightly controlled. This regulatory maze, before the economic liberalization, made business easier for local players to have a seller’s market. Customers in India were forced to wait 12 years to buy a scooter from Bajaj. The CEO of Bajaj commented that he did not need a marketing department, only a dispatch department. By the year 1990, Bajaj had a waiting list that was twenty-six times its annual output for scooters. The motorcycle segment had the same long wait times with three manufacturers; Royal Enfield, Ideal Jawa, and Escorts. Royal Enfield made a 350cc Bullet with the only four-stroke engine at that time and took the higher end of the market but, there was little competition for their customers. Ideal Jawa and Escorts took the middle and lower end of the market respectively. In the mid-1980s, the Indian government regulations changed and permitted foreign companies to enter the Indian market through minority joint ventures. The two-wheeler market changed with four Indo-Japanese joint ventures: Hero Honda, TVS Suzuki, Bajaj Kawasaki and Kinetic Honda. The entry of these foreign companies changed the Indian arket dynamics from the supply side to the demand side. With a larger selection of two-wheelers on the Indian market, consumers started to gain influence over the products they bought and raised higher customer expectations. The industry produced more models, styling options, prices, and different fuel efficiencies. The foreign companies new technologies helped make the products more reliable and with be tter quality. Indian companies had to change to keep up with their global counterparts. Hero Honda Motorcycles Limited is an Indian manufacturer of motorcycles and scooters. Hero Honda is a joint venture that began in 1984 between the Hero group of India and Honda from Japan. It has been the worlds biggest manufacturer of 2-wheeled motorized vehicles since 2001, when it produced 1. 3 million motorbikes in a single year. Hero Hondas Splendor is the worlds largest selling motorcycle. Its 2 plants are in Dharuhera and Gurgaon, both in Haryana, India. It specializes in dual use motorcycles that are low powered but very fuel efficient. [Models] Bikes ? Hero Honda Splendor Plus ? Hero Honda Passion Plus ? Hero Honda Karizma ? Hero Honda CBZ ? Hero Honda Super Splendor Hero Honda CD Dawn ? Hero Honda CD Deluxe ? Hero Honda Achiever ? Hero Honda Glamour ? Hero Honda Ambition Hero Honda Splendor Model COMPANY PROFILE â€Å"Hero†, is the brand name used by the Munjal brothers in the year 1956 with the flagship company Hero Cycles. The two-wheeler manufacturing business of bicycle components had originally started in the 1940’s and turned into the wor ld’s largest bicycle manufacturer today. Hero, is a name synonymous with two-wheelers in India today. The Munjals roll their own steel, make free wheel bicycle critical components and have diversified into different ventures like product design. The Hero Group philosophy is: â€Å"To provide excellent transportation to the common man at easily affordable prices and to provide total satisfaction in all its spheres of activity†. The Hero group vision is to build long lasting relationships with everyone (customers, workers, dealers and vendors). The Hero Group has a passion for setting higher standards and â€Å"Engineering Satisfaction† is the prime motivation, way of life and work culture of the Group. In the year 1984, Mr. Brijmohan Lal Munjal, the Chairman and Managing Director of Hero Honda Motors (HHM), headed an alliance between the Munjal family and Honda Motor Company Ltd. HMC). HHM Mission Statement is: â€Å"We, at Hero Honda, are continuously striving for synergy between technology, systems, and human resources to provide products and services that meet the quality, performance, and price aspirations of our customers. While doing so, we maintain the highest standards of ethics and societal responsibil ities, constantly innovate products and processes, and develop teams that keep the momentum going to take the company to excellence in the new millennium†. This alliance became one of the most successful joint ventures in India, until the year 1999 when HMC had announced a 100% subsidiary, Honda Motorcycle Scooter India (HMSI). This announcement caused the HHM stock price to decrease by 30 percent that same day. Munjal had to come up with some new strategic decisions as, HMSI and other foreign new entry companies were causing increased intensity of rivalry for HHM. GROWTH The business growth of Hero Honda has been phenomenal throughout its early days. The Munjal family started a modest business of bicycle components. Hero Group expanded so big that by 2002 they had sold 86 million bicycles producing 16000 bicycles a day. Today Hero Honda has an assembly line of 9 different models of motorcycles available. It holds the record for most popular bike in the world by sales for Its Splendor model. Hero Honda Motors Limited was established in joint venture with Honda Motors of Japan in 1984, to manufacture motorcycles. It is currently the largest producer of Two Wheelers in the world. It sold 3 million bikes in the year 2005-2006. Recently it has also entered in scooter manufacturing, with its model PLEASURE mainly aimed at girls. The Hero Group has done business differently right from the start and that is what has helped them to achieve break-through in the competitive two-wheeler market. The Groups low key, but focused, style of management has earned the company plaudits amidst investors, employees, vendors and dealers, as also worldwide recognition. The growth of the Group through the years has been influenced by a number of factors: Just-in-Time The Hero Group through the Hero Cycles Division was the first to introduce the concept of just-in-time inventory. The Group boasts of superb operational efficiencies. Every assembly line worker operates two machines simultaneously to save time and improve productivity. The fact that most of the machines are either developed or fabricated in-house, has resulted in low inventory levels. In Hero Cycles Limited, the just-in-time inventory principle has been working since the beginning of production in the unit and is functional even till date.. This is the Japanese style of production and in India; Hero is probably the only company to have mastered the art of the just-in-time inventory principle. Ancillarisation An integral part of the Group strategy of doing business differently was providing support to ancillary units. There are over 300 ancillary units today, whose production is dedicated to Heros requirements and also a large number of other vendors, which include some of the better known companies in the automotive segment. Employee Policy: Another Striking feature within the Hero Group is the commitment and dedication of its workers. There is no organized labor union and family members of employees find ready employment within Hero. The philosophy with regard to labor management is Hero is growing, grow with Hero. When it comes to workers benefits, the Hero Group is known for providing facilities, further ahead of the industry norms. Long before other companies did so, Hero was giving its employees a uniform allowance, as well as House Rent Allowance (HRA) and Leave Travel Allowance (LTA). Extra benefits took the form of medical check-ups, not just for workers, but also for the immediate family members. Dealer Network The relationship of Hero Group with their dealers is unique in its closeness. The dealers are considered a part of the Hero family. A nation-wide dealer network comprising of over 5,000 outlets, and have a formidable distribution system in place. Sales agents from Hero travels to all the corners of the country, visiting dealers and send back daily postcards with information on the stock position that day, turnover, fresh purchases, anticipated demand and also competitor action in the region. The manufacturing units have a separate department to handle dealer complaints and problems and the first response is always given in 24 hours. Financial Planning The Hero Group benefits from the Group Chairmans financial acumen and his grasp on technology, manufacturing and marketing. Group Company, Hero Cycles Limited has one of the highest labor productivity rates in the world. In Hero Honda Motors Limited, the focus is on financial and raw material management and a low employee turnover. Quality Quality at Hero is attained not just by modern plants and equipment and through latest technology, but by enforcing a strict discipline. At the Group factories, attaining quality standards is an everyday practice a strictly pursued discipline. It comes from an amalgamation of the latest technology with deep-rooted experience derived from nearly four decades of hard labor. It is an attitude that masters the challenge of growth and change change in consumers perceptions about products and new aspirations arising from a new generation of buyers. Constant technology up gradation ensures that the Group stays in the global mainstream and maintains its competitive edge. With each of its foreign collaborations, the Group goes onto strengthen its quality measures as per the book. The Group also employs the services of independent experts from around the world to assist in new design and production processes. Diversification Throughout the years of enormous growth, the Group Chairman, Mr. Lall has actively looked at diversification. A considerable level of backward integration in its manufacturing activities has been ample in the Groups growth and led to the establishment of the Hero Cycles Cold Rolling Division, Munjal and Sunbeam Castings, Munjal Auto Components and Munjal Showa Limited amongst other component-manufacturing units. Then there were the expansion into the automotive segment with the setting up of Majestic Auto Limited, where the first indigenously designed moped, Hero Majestic, went into commercial production in 1978. Then came Hero Motors which introduced Hero Puch, in collaboration with global technology leader Steyr Daimler Puch of Austria. Hero Honda Motors was established in 1984 to manufacture 100 cc motorcycles. The Hero Group also took a venture into other segments like exports, financial services, information technology, which includes customer response services and software development. Further expansion is expected in the areas of Insurance and Telecommunication. The Hero Groups phenomenal growth is the result of constant innovations, a close watch on costs and the dynamic leadership of the Group Chairman, characterized by a culture of entrepreneurship, of right attitudes and building stronger relationships with investors, partners, vendors and dealers and customers TVS MOTOR COMPANY The TVS group was established in 1911 by Shri. T. V. Sundaram Iyengar. As one of India’s largest industrial entities it epitomizes Trust, Value and Service. It all began way back in 1984 when Sundaram Clayton Limited (A TVS Group company) introduced its 50 CC mopeds in the arena of road racing, notching up unbelievable speeds of 105 kmph. Since then, there has been no looking back for TVS Motor Company. TVS Racing was established in 1987 with the objective of improving the performance of its bikes. Over the years it has provided valuable data, design inputs, development of reliable motorcycle models, excellent vehicle dynamics handling etc. The true evidence of it is seen in todays TVS Victor and TVS Fiero. Today, there are over thirty companies in the TVS Group, employing more than 40,000 people worldwide and with a turnover in excess of USD 2. 2 billion. With steady growth, expansion and diversification, TVS commands a strong presence in manufacturing of two-wheelers, auto components and computer peripherals. We also have vibrant businesses in the distribution of heavy commercial vehicles passenger cars, finance and insurance. TVS Motor Company Limited, the flagship company of the USD 2. billion TVS Group, is the third largest two-wheeler manufacturer in India and among the top ten in the world, with an annual turnover of over USD 650 million. The year 1980 is one to be remembered for the Indian two-wheeler industry, with the roll out of TVS 50, Indias first two-seater moped that ushered in an era of affordable personal transportation. For the Indian Automobile sector, it was a breakthrough to be etched in history. TV S Motor Company is the first two-wheeler manufacturer in the world to be honoured with the hallmark of Japanese Quality – The Deming Prize for Total Quality Management. OBJECTIVES OF THE RESEARCH 1. To analyze the customer satisfaction. 2. To analyze the customer preference. 3. To know which manufacturer is providing better services. 4. To analyze after sales services of bikes. 5. To study the behavioral factors of consumers in motor bikes. 6. To suggest various factors to improve sales. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY It is well known fact that the most important step in marketing research process is to define the problem. Choose for investigation because a problem well defined is half solved. That was the reason that at most care was taken while defining various parameters of the problem. After giving through brain storming session, objectives were selected and the set on the base of these objectives. A questionnaire was designed major emphasis of which was gathering new ideas or insight so as to determine and bind out solution to the problems. DATA SOURCE Research included gathering both Primary and Secondary data. Primary data is the first hand data, which are selected a fresh and thus happen to be original in character. Primary Data was crucial to know various customers and past consumer views about bikes and to calculate the market share of this brand in regards to other brands. Secondary data are those which has been collected by some one else and which already have been passed through statistical process. Secondary data has been taken from internet, newspaper, magazines and companies web sites. RESEARCH APPROACH The research approach was used survey method which is a widely used method for data collection and best suited for descriptive type of research survey includes research instrument like questionnaire which can be structured and unstructured. Target population is well identified and various methods like personal interviews and telephone interviews are employed. SAMPLING UNIT It gives the target population that will be sampled. This research was carried in Indore (Distt. Indore). These were 90 respondents. DATA COMPLETION AND ANALYSIS After the data has been collected, it was tabulated and findings of the project were presented followed by analysis and interpretation to reach certain conclusions. SCOPE My project was based on the A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PROFESSIONAL AND TRADITIONAL COLLEGE STUDENTS PERCEPTION TOWARDS TWO WHEELER BRANDS and data was taken in the City Indore only. LIMITATION 1. Research work was carried out in one Distt of U. P. (INDORE) only the finding may not be applicable to the other parts of the country because of social and cultural differences. 2. The sample was collected using connivance-sampling techniques. As such result may not give an exact representation of the population. 3. Shortage of time is also reason for incomprehensiveness. 4. The views of the people are biased therefore it doesn’t reflect true picture. Q1) Which bike do you have? Hero Honda |30 | | | | |Bajaj |30 | | | | |Any other |30 | | | | INTERPRETATION: Out of the sample size of 90 customers, 30 customers are of Hero Honda, 30 are of Bajaj and 30 customers of TVS bikes are taken into consideration. |Q2) Which Model do you Have? | | | | | | | | | | |Hero Honda | |Bajaj | |TVS | | | | | | | | | |Splender |13 |CT 100 |5 |Flame |4 | | | | | | | | |Passion |5 |Discover |11 |Star City |9 | | | | | | | | |Karizma |2 |Pulsar |10 |Apache |7 | | | | | | | | |Any othe r |10 |Any other |4 |Any other |10 | | | | | | | | HERO HONDA INTERPRETATION: In Hero Honda mostly the customers are having splendor while the ratio of the customers using Passion, Karizma and other bikes are comparatively low. BAJAJ INTERPRETATION: In Bajaj the customers are giving more preference to Discover and Pulsar models. TVS INTERPRETATION:- In TVS Bikes the customers are givig more preference to the other models rather than Flame,Starcityand Apache. |Q3) In which family Income level do you Fall? | | | |100000-200000 |22 | | | | |200000-300000 |45 | | | | |300000-400000 |23 | | | | |above 400000 |10 | | | | INTERPRETATION: The maximum numbers of customers that are using these bikes fall in the income group of 200000-300000. While this ratio is minimum in case of customers whose income level fall between 300000-400000. |Q4) For how long do you own a bike? | | | | | |0-1 year |34 | | | | | |1-2 year | |29 | | | | | |2-3 year | |26 | | | | | |above 3 year | |11 | | | | | INTERPRETATION: It is observed that mostly the customers are having new bikes. | |Q5) For what purpose do you use your Motor Bike? | | | | | | | | | | | | |Hero Honda | |Bajaj |TVS | | | | | | | | | | |Office Purpose |13 | |42 |38 | | | | | | | | | | | |Personal purpose |17 | |15 |27 | | | | | | | | | | | |Joy Purpose |10 | |18 |10 | | | | | | | | | | | |Other |40 | |15 |15 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | INTERPRETATION:- The customers are using their bikes mostly for official and personal purpose. | |Q6) How do you come to know about this Motor Bike? | | | | | | | | | | | |Hero Honda |Bajaj |TVS | | | | | | | | | | |Newspaper |28 |33 |22 | | | | | | | | | | |Television |22 |28 |18 | | | | | | | | | | |Magazine |8 |16 |28 | | | | | | | | | | |Friends Relative |37 |13 |22 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | INTERPRETATION: It is observed that the awareness of Hero Honda bikes mostly comes from friends while of Bajaj and TVS the awareness comes from newspapers and televisions. Q7) Does Advertisement Influence your decision in choosing a Motor Bike? Yes |65 | | | | |No |15 | | | | |Can’t say |10 | | | | INTERPRETATION: Out of the sample size of 90 customers, 65 customers agrees with the fact that advertisements play a very significant role in influencing their behavior to choose the bike. On the other hand 15 customers do not agree to this fact. While remaining 10 customers are not sure about it. Q8 Are you satisfied with the performance of the bike that you are currently havin? Yes |55 | | | | |No |28 | | | | |Can’t say |7 | | | | INTERPRETATION:- Out of the sample size of 90 customers, 55 customers says that they are satisfied with the performance of their bikes. On the other hand 28 customers are not satisfied with the performance of the bikes that they are having. While the remaining 10 customers are unable to say anything. |Q9) Do you have full knowledge about Bikes before buying? | | | | | | | |Hero Honda |Bajaj |TVS | | | | | | |Yes | 42 |34 |37 | | | | | | |No |37 |27 |22 | | | | | | |Can’t Say |11 |29 |31 | | | | | | INTERPRETATION:- It is observed that most of the customers are having full knowledge of the bike before purchasing. |Q10) Which Factor below Influence your decision? | | | | | | | | |Hero Honda | |Bajaj |TVS | | | | | | | |Price |17 | |22 |28 | | | | | | | |Mileage |28 | |15 |15 | | | | | | |Quality |11 | |20 |16 | | | | | | | |Resale Value |12 | |14 |17 | | | | | | | |Status symbol |32 | |19 |14 | | | | | | | HERO HONDA INTERPRETATION:- In Hero Honda bikes the mileage of the bike and the value that it adds to the status symbol of the customers influences the decision criteria of most of the customers. BAJAJ INTERPRETATION:- In Bajaj bikes customers gets more influenced by the price and quality of the bike and also they think that it adds value to their prestige. TVS INTERPRETATION: In TVS bike the economic price of the bikes influences the buying behavior of the customers. |Q11) How would you rate the following factors of Bikes with respect to different | |company? | | | | | | | | | | |Hero Honda |Bajaj TVS | | | | | | |Mileage |74% |72% |68% | | | | | | |Price |68% |65% |47% | | | | | | |Pick up |70% |80% |62% | | | | | | |Maintenance |58% |62% |74% | | | | | | |Look Shape |85% |80% |72% | | | | | | |Brand Image |53% |55% |69% | | | | | | INTERPRETATION: It is observed that in rating of different features of different bikes people give maximum rating to the look and shape of the bike. At the second level they give their rating to the pick up. At the third level they rate mileage. And at the fourth level they give points to maintenance. At last they rate price and brand image. |Q12) If new Bike with good features comes in, then would you like to change your bike? | | | | | | | |Hero Honda |Bajaj |TVS | | | | | | | |Yes |10 |16 |14 | | | | | | | | |No |16 |11 |11 | | | | | | | | |Can’t say |4 |3 |5 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | INTERPRETATION:- It is observed that the customers of Hero Honda bikes are not ready to change their bikes even if a new bike comes in with good features. While majority of the customers of Bajaj and TVS are ready to change their bikes if new bike provides some good features to them. FINDINGS During this research project I came in to contact with many customers who are having bikes. It has been found that in Hero Honda mostly the customers are having splendor while the ratio of the customers using Passion, Karizma and other bikes are comparatively low. In Bajaj the customers are giving more preference to Discover and Pulsar models and in case of TVS Bikes the customers are givig more preference to the other models rather than Flame,Starcityand Apache. The maximum numbers of customers that are using these bikes fall in the income group of 200000-300000. It has been observed that the customers are using their bikes mostly for official and personal purpose. It is observed that the awareness of Hero Honda bikes mostly comes from friends while of Bajaj and TVS the awareness comes from newspapers and televisions. Out of the sample size of 90 customers, 65 customers agree with the fact that advertisements play a very significant role in influencing their behavior to choose the bike. On the other hand 15 customers do not agree to this fact. While remaining 10 customers are not sure about it. When the customers are asked that are they satisfied with the performance of their bikes then most of them agrees to the fact. Out of the sample size of 90 customers, 55 customers says that they are satisfied with the performance of their bikes. On the other hand 28 customers are not satisfied with the performance of the bikes that they are having. While the remaining 10 customers are unable to say anything. It is observed that most of the customers are having full knowledge of the bike before purchasing. It has been seen that In Hero Honda bikes the mileage of the bike and the value that it adds to the status symbol of the customers influences the decision criteria of most of the customers. In Bajaj bikes customers gets more influenced by the price and quality of the bike and also they think that it adds value to their prestige. While in case of TVS bike the economic price of the bikes influences the buying behavior of the customers. It is observed that in rating of different features of different bikes people give maximum rating to the look and shape of the bike. At the second level they give their rating to the pick up. At the third level they rate mileage. And at the fourth level they give points to maintenance. At last they rate price and brand image. It is observed that the customers of Hero Honda bikes are not ready to change their bikes even if a new bike comes in with good features. While majority of the customers of Bajaj and TVS are ready to change their bikes if new bike provides some good features to them. Conclusion 1. Most of the Flame, Apache, Pulsar, CBZ Karizma are purchased by young generation 18 to 30 years because they prefer stylish looks and rest of the models of Hero Honda, TVS and Bajaj are purchased more by daily users who needs more average of bikes than looks. 2. Hero Honda is considered to be most fuel-efficient bike on Indian roads. 3. Service Spare parts are available throughout India in local markets also. 4. While buying a motorcycle, economy is the main consideration in form of maintenance cost, fuel efficiency. 5. Majority of the respondent had bought their motorcycle more than 3 years. RECOMONDATION 1. Bajaj should introduce some more models having more engine power. 2. Hero Honda should think about fuel efficiency in case of upper segment bikes. 3. More service centers should be opened. 4. Maintenance cost and the availability of the spare parts should also be given due importance. 5. They also introduce some good finance/discount schemes for students. 6. The price should be economic. BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. www. herohonda. com 2. www. google. com 3. www. bajaj. com 4. www. twowheeler. com 5. www. extrememachines. com QUESTIONNAIRE |NAME: †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ | | | |CONTACT No. .†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. | | | | | | | |20-25 | | |AGE:- | | |15-20 | | | | | | | | | | |Above 30 | | | | | | |25-30 | | | | | | | | |Employee | | |OCCUPATION:- | | | |Businessman | | | | | | | | | | |Other | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Student | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Q1) |Which Bike do you have? | | | | | | | | | | | | | |TVS | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Q2) |Which Model do you have? | | | | | | | | | |Passion | | |Hero Honda: | | |Splendor | | | | | | | | | | |Other | | | | | | | | | | |Bajaj: | | |CT 100 | | | | | | | | | | | | |TVS:- | | |Flame | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |200000-300000 | | | | | | | | | | |1-2 year | | | | | | | | | | | |Personal Purpose | | | | | | | | | | | |Television | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Q7) |Are you satisfied with the performance of the bike that you are currently having? | | | | | | | | | |Can’t say | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Can’t say | | | | | |Yes | |No | | | | | |Q9) |Do you have full knowledge about Bikes before buying? | | | | | | | | | |Can’t say | | | | | |Yes | | |No | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Q10). Which factor below influence your decision? | | | | | | | | |Quality | | | | | | | | | |Price | | | | | |Resale Value | | | | | | Q11) How would you rate the following factors of bikes with respect to different companies? Hero Honda |Bajaj | | |Mileage | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Price | | | | | | | | | | | |Pick up | | | | | | | | | | | |Maintenance | | | | | | | | | | | |Look/Shape | | | | | | | | | | | |Brand Image | | | | | Q12) If new bike with good feature comes in, then would you like to change your bikes? |Yes | | | |Can’t say | | | | |No | | | | | | | | | | Q13) Any Suggestions for Company †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚ ¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦

Architecture and Environment Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Architecture and Environment - Assignment Example The relationship between the ecology and architectural development has always been a very tangible one. Since the start of urbanization the ecologists and naturalists have been raving about the cutting of trees to build cities and its harmful effect on the ecology. But the fact is we cannot stop the architectural development and modernization because of the requirements of the increasing human population. We have to develop plans so that the ecology can be preserved and the urbanization can also take place. Trees are a fundamental part of our environment and it is a fact that we cannot survive without trees because firstly they are responsible for processing excess carbon di oxide from our environment, secondly we are dependent on the plants for our food directly though fruits and vegetables and indirectly through animals whose meat we consume. The second most important effect that urbanization has created on our ecology is the rupture in ozone layer due to the greenhouse effect. Thi s major issue had rattled the scientists to a measure that they are starting to think about developing the cities in such a way that the sustainability remains intact. Researchers have come up with a new ideal known as Green Plot Index; it is based on a parameter known as Leaf Area Index (LAI), which is the single side leaf area per unit ground area. It means that on every unit of ground area there should be a single side of leaf to maintain the proper ecology and environment of that unit area. Green plot Index is the average of LAI of the vegetation on the building site. It is similar to the Building Plot ratio which is used to measure the maximum flooring that can be done on a building site. (Ong et al 2003) With the urbanization of an area the boundaries between the natural habitat and the urban area become convoluted, and because of this convolution there are shifts in the microclimatic

To what extent do computational models support constructivist theories Essay

To what extent do computational models support constructivist theories of development - Essay Example On the other hand, few theorists declare it the outcome of child’s interaction with his environment, from where he learns how to act, react and behave at some specific situation. Several theories have been articulated on cognitive development, and researches have been made on different aspects of development in children; four of which have most significant influence on the language skill as well as kindergarten learning process during the initial years of children. These theories include Nativist, Maturationist, Environmentalist and Constructivists ones. Since the study of personality development is an exceedingly complex phenomenon, several theories have been articulated on the question of how a personality passes through different phases of growth from childhood to adolescence, and what are the components which determine transformations in a child from premature years to maturity. In addition, theorists analyse whether the behaviour in people is a learned one or man’s behaviours are due to uncontrollable genetic impulses. Also, variation in intensity of aggression and violence among people is due to difference in their hormones. â€Å"The only influence†, Cervone views, â€Å"which parents would have on their children’s personality is a biological one. They pass their genes on to their children. According to the trait theories, parents’ interpersonal interactions with their children would exert little effect on the child’s personality development.†(2001) Various cognitive theories have bee n articulated in order to examine the role of nature vs. nurture in the development of a personality. All the cognitive schools of thoughts have different views and ideas on child development process, though constructivist theory won imperative popularity and wonderful applause more than the comparatives theories. Piaget and Vygotsky are the pioneers

Sat Collegeboard Essay on Bullying Essay Example for Free

Sat Collegeboard Essay on Bullying Essay In our daily world today, people tend to be more open and let themselves become known perhaps, a little too much and too frequently. People should begin to keep things private as if they reveal too much about themselves they leave themselves wide open bullying and gossip; their strengths and weaknesses become known to their friends, family or even strangers in their society or even the world. Bullying is a common form of exploiting a weakness that you feel a need to respond to in a generally aggressive manner by taunting, hitting or embarrassing them, gossiping is another form where you spread rumors and secrets that youve heard about and again, often exploits weaknesses in people; as if you gossiped to make fun of someone or put them down. The reason why these weaknesses appear is because people today, feel the need to be open, they are pressured to be social and with that comes a lot of talk about each other. Perhaps another reason is that teenagers today dont hang out, as much as previous generations did, but instead use instant messaging and text messages more, and frequently they convey what the other persons feelings are through their words and comments. Being behind a screen takes away insecurities and allows people to feel that they are safe and sound, except when you gossip or tell a secret of yours. As the gossiping trend continues, we see that the secrets could spill out and backfire. An example of bullying or gossiping could be a regular girl who talks about her experience with someone like her boyfriend or friend, feeling safe she texts her friend who, by nature, gossips and tells a more popular girl who feels that the person who sent the original text is weak or meek even. She gossips and suddenly the school is laughing at her about her boyfriend, girls feel pity and bully her by beating her up or dumping food on her. An example like this is a classic scenario of a girl who felt safe and decided to be open instead of keeping her secrets a secret. This is why people in general should be more cautious and aware that some secrets are meant to be kept in private and not in the open where he/she could be susceptible to gossip, bullying or other mixed feelings. As people feel more and more safe behind screens by means of the internet or phone, it could become very dangerous for people who are very open. To prevent this, people must be more self-conscience of what they are saying or telling and the consequences by doing so. Therefore people really should make more of an effort to keep things private.

Sorcery In Morocco :: miscellaneous

Sorcery In Morocco According to Merriam- webster’s Collegiate dictionary, sorcery is defined as the use of power gained from the assistance or control of evil especially for divining. Sorcery is a phenomenon that has spread all over the world. It mainly consists of direction of the world into a spiritual power which is mysterious and unexplainable. In Morocco, sorcery is a very popular practice. It is practiced especially in the south of the country where people have strong beliefs in superstition. Believers in sorcery pretend that it has a great impact on the course of their lives. However, sorcery is a dangerous practice that affects the mind and the health of its users, in addition to the reputation of the country. At first glance, it seems to me that the most perilous impact of sorcery is its effect on the mind of those who practice it. Some believers might argue that these practices build self confidence. For instance, when a sorcerer assigns to them to do some rituals in order to make an operation successful, they face without fear. I totally disagree with them because as proved in many researches, those states of mind are only psychological and create a lot of mental troubles and instabilities. In Morocco, there is a huge population that completely believes in those practices. Therefore, the witches take profit from the ignorance of those people to start communicating some dumb information. In general, the information given by those sorcerers are common and related to the problem and the personality of the individual. Sorcerers are usually very intelligent and know exactly what the patient wants to hear. As a consequence, people become addicted to these kinds of practices and prefer it to c onsulting psychologists who can provide them with more accurate solutions. As a result, people become easily influenced, which by the way affects their personalities. The practice of sorcery in Morocco threatens the health of its users. Some sorcerers believe that their remedies are made from natural plants and do not menace the health of their patients. However, what is strange is that they always refuse to take their products to medical centers so that they can be Furthermore, people who have allergies can also suffer from dangerous diseases due to the fact that they take what their sorcerers give without the prescription of their doctors. Another important area that is suffering from this practice is the reputation and the culture of the country. Sorcery In Morocco :: miscellaneous Sorcery In Morocco According to Merriam- webster’s Collegiate dictionary, sorcery is defined as the use of power gained from the assistance or control of evil especially for divining. Sorcery is a phenomenon that has spread all over the world. It mainly consists of direction of the world into a spiritual power which is mysterious and unexplainable. In Morocco, sorcery is a very popular practice. It is practiced especially in the south of the country where people have strong beliefs in superstition. Believers in sorcery pretend that it has a great impact on the course of their lives. However, sorcery is a dangerous practice that affects the mind and the health of its users, in addition to the reputation of the country. At first glance, it seems to me that the most perilous impact of sorcery is its effect on the mind of those who practice it. Some believers might argue that these practices build self confidence. For instance, when a sorcerer assigns to them to do some rituals in order to make an operation successful, they face without fear. I totally disagree with them because as proved in many researches, those states of mind are only psychological and create a lot of mental troubles and instabilities. In Morocco, there is a huge population that completely believes in those practices. Therefore, the witches take profit from the ignorance of those people to start communicating some dumb information. In general, the information given by those sorcerers are common and related to the problem and the personality of the individual. Sorcerers are usually very intelligent and know exactly what the patient wants to hear. As a consequence, people become addicted to these kinds of practices and prefer it to c onsulting psychologists who can provide them with more accurate solutions. As a result, people become easily influenced, which by the way affects their personalities. The practice of sorcery in Morocco threatens the health of its users. Some sorcerers believe that their remedies are made from natural plants and do not menace the health of their patients. However, what is strange is that they always refuse to take their products to medical centers so that they can be Furthermore, people who have allergies can also suffer from dangerous diseases due to the fact that they take what their sorcerers give without the prescription of their doctors. Another important area that is suffering from this practice is the reputation and the culture of the country.

Light and water Essay

When light and water are absorbed by the plant, four light photons are assigned to Photosystem II while the energy is channeled to P680. This energy triggers the P680 molecule to release four electrons toward an electron acceptor in the thylakoid membrane. To fill up the â€Å"hole† in the P680 molecule, it will strongly attract two water molecules and break it up. Two atoms of Oxygen are released and form the gas that humans need while 4 atoms of hydrogen are taken for photosynthesis. The four hydrogen atoms become energized and are passed on to the next P680. This process will then continue to happen to a series of other protein carriers creating what is called an electron transport chain. This transferring of electrons makes the energy of these electrons fall to a lower level resulting to the release of energy. The energy can be classified as metabolic (ATP) or reducing (NADPH). These and carbon dioxide are used in the carbon fixation process or â€Å"Calvin Cycle. † Because the next steps do not need light, it is called the light-independent reactions. The Calvin Cycle is called such because its end-products (molecules of RuBP) are needed to keep the process going. Firstly, carbon dioxide and five carbon molecules called ribulose 1. 5 biphosphate (RuBP) join together so that the organism can use CO2 to synthesize glucose and other complex carbohydrates. This is carbon fixation and it cycles three times to form six three-carbon molecules (3PG) which are chemically restructured to become glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate(G3P) molecules. One of these G3P is needed to make carbohydrates while the rest are used to resynthesize three molecules of RuBP in the next cycle.

What does a firm’s overall cost of capital mean?

Cost of capital is the return necessary to make a capital budgeting process worthwhile. Further, it is the returns that a company gets after an investment. This is the money that evaluates any new project of a company for it determines the minimum profit expected by investors in the business. To satisfy investors, the return on capital employed must be above the company’s average debts, thus making investments worthwhile. That is, the expected output must be more than the invested capital; the returns are more than the capital (Armitage, 2005).Moreover, if a project costs the same as the company’s average business activities, then it is wise to use the average cost of capital of the company as the base. This ensures that the company’s security on the cost of capital is calculated. It is done by first calculating the cost of debt and equity. Afterwards, calculate the expected returns after doing business. This is done by dividing the dividend payment per share wit h the market price then adding the growth rate. One can thus issue dividends to investors.From a financial manager's perspective, discuss the capital budgeting process used to identify projects that add to the firm's value? How do capital budgeting decisions help to define a firm's strategic direction? The capital budgeting process is used to identify projects that add value to a firm. Afterwards, the managers have to calculate the cash required acquiring a new building or equipment without deriving any cash benefits from the disposal of the replaced commodity.Any additional working capital in relation to the new equipment is initially outlaid and the initial investment is included as a part only if changes occur at the beginning of the project. After this, the managers calculate the terminal cash flow after the sale of the assets, savings after the operations, as well as the net present value of the assets. This procedure helps them to calculate the feasibility of purchasing an equ ipment or building. Capital budgeting decisions help to define a firm’s strategic direction by deciding whether to invest in a specific asset or project.This process helps to determine whether to engage the firm in acquiring certain assets which were not formerly used by the firm. In addition, this undertaking can help to replace any outdated assets, thus maintaining their efficiency. How does a firm’s capital structure relate to your personal capital structure? In what ways are they similar? Provide examples of how you use debt and equity in your personal financial life that parallels the basic capital structure decisions made by a firm.Capital structure is the combination of equity, debt, and other finance sources used to fund other long-term finances. It is therefore related to personal capital structure since the 2 represent the money working in the business, thus showing money flow in the business. Both are similar for they are the working capital of a business. T hey indicate the amount of money invested in the business as well as the profit gained. They both indicate the amount of borrowed capital flowing in the business.Further, they indicate any other form of capital that are used to run a personal business, such as, a dealer servicing one’s business with goods then settling the dues later. Debt and equity in personal financial life parallels the basic capital structure decisions made by a firm since the amount of money invested at the launch of the business, together with the sum total of goods provided by a dealer to be paid later in form of equity, is indicated.The amount of money borrowed by an individual to help strengthen their capital is indicated as equity for it represents the total amount borrowed to run the business. Modigliani and Miller [MM] employed the concept of arbitrage to develop their theory. Explain the concept of arbitrage and the role of arbitrage in the MM model. Discuss the assumptions and the issues underl ying the MM model. http://www. rdboehme. com/MBA_CF/Chap_15. pdf The concept of arbitrage can be explained using the analogy two different markets with one selling at a lower price.Sellers will buy from the low-price market and sell in the market with high prices. The prices thus tend to rise in the low-priced market until the difference is bridged. The role of the MM model is to indicate the safety of investments, that is, if a firm runs two companies, then one might have high market value per share but be very risky regarding market price per share. Conversely, the other may be low market price. Investors will then sell the shares of the risky firms and purchase the other’s, thus standardizing the average cost of capital of the group.The assumptions of the MM model are that the capital market is perfect if only the investors know the market forces. Further, the model classifies firms in groups according to business risks. Investors are assumed to use the operating income to determine the market price. It is also assumed that there are no corporate income taxes. The issues underlying the MM model are that it is very hard to run a business without paying of taxes. Further, the market prices fluctuate, thus the knowledge about market prices is not conclusive. It is thus hard to gauge the market price. What does a firm’s overall cost of capital mean? Cost of capital is the return necessary to make a capital budgeting process worthwhile. Further, it is the returns that a company gets after an investment. This is the money that evaluates any new project of a company for it determines the minimum profit expected by investors in the business. To satisfy investors, the return on capital employed must be above the company’s average debts, thus making investments worthwhile. That is, the expected output must be more than the invested capital; the returns are more than the capital (Armitage, 2005).Moreover, if a project costs the same as the company’s average business activities, then it is wise to use the average cost of capital of the company as the base. This ensures that the company’s security on the cost of capital is calculated. It is done by first calculating the cost of debt and equity. Afterwards, calculate the expected returns after doing business. This is done by dividing the dividend payment per share wit h the market price then adding the growth rate. One can thus issue dividends to investors.From a financial manager's perspective, discuss the capital budgeting process used to identify projects that add to the firm's value? How do capital budgeting decisions help to define a firm's strategic direction? The capital budgeting process is used to identify projects that add value to a firm. Afterwards, the managers have to calculate the cash required acquiring a new building or equipment without deriving any cash benefits from the disposal of the replaced commodity.Any additional working capital in relation to the new equipment is initially outlaid and the initial investment is included as a part only if changes occur at the beginning of the project. After this, the managers calculate the terminal cash flow after the sale of the assets, savings after the operations, as well as the net present value of the assets. This procedure helps them to calculate the feasibility of purchasing an equ ipment or building. Capital budgeting decisions help to define a firm’s strategic direction by deciding whether to invest in a specific asset or project.This process helps to determine whether to engage the firm in acquiring certain assets which were not formerly used by the firm. In addition, this undertaking can help to replace any outdated assets, thus maintaining their efficiency. How does a firm’s capital structure relate to your personal capital structure? In what ways are they similar? Provide examples of how you use debt and equity in your personal financial life that parallels the basic capital structure decisions made by a firm.Capital structure is the combination of equity, debt, and other finance sources used to fund other long-term finances. It is therefore related to personal capital structure since the 2 represent the money working in the business, thus showing money flow in the business. Both are similar for they are the working capital of a business. T hey indicate the amount of money invested in the business as well as the profit gained. They both indicate the amount of borrowed capital flowing in the business.Further, they indicate any other form of capital that are used to run a personal business, such as, a dealer servicing one’s business with goods then settling the dues later. Debt and equity in personal financial life parallels the basic capital structure decisions made by a firm since the amount of money invested at the launch of the business, together with the sum total of goods provided by a dealer to be paid later in form of equity, is indicated.The amount of money borrowed by an individual to help strengthen their capital is indicated as equity for it represents the total amount borrowed to run the business. Modigliani and Miller [MM] employed the concept of arbitrage to develop their theory. Explain the concept of arbitrage and the role of arbitrage in the MM model. Discuss the assumptions and the issues underl ying the MM model. http://www. rdboehme. com/MBA_CF/Chap_15. pdf The concept of arbitrage can be explained using the analogy two different markets with one selling at a lower price.Sellers will buy from the low-price market and sell in the market with high prices. The prices thus tend to rise in the low-priced market until the difference is bridged. The role of the MM model is to indicate the safety of investments, that is, if a firm runs two companies, then one might have high market value per share but be very risky regarding market price per share. Conversely, the other may be low market price. Investors will then sell the shares of the risky firms and purchase the other’s, thus standardizing the average cost of capital of the group.The assumptions of the MM model are that the capital market is perfect if only the investors know the market forces. Further, the model classifies firms in groups according to business risks. Investors are assumed to use the operating income to determine the market price. It is also assumed that there are no corporate income taxes. The issues underlying the MM model are that it is very hard to run a business without paying of taxes. Further, the market prices fluctuate, thus the knowledge about market prices is not conclusive. It is thus hard to gauge the market price.

Free Essays on Teen Stress

Teens and Stress: How do they Deal? Beth has had practice for a play four nights a week for the last month. She also has three projects due by Friday, including an English paper. Besides this, Beth has been fighting off a cold and has continued to work at her part time job of twenty hours a week. One night at home Beth’s mother asked her to do the dinner dishes, it was the last straw. â€Å"Why do I always have to do the dishes?† Beth shouts. â€Å"It’s not fair, I am tired of doing everything!† Before her mother can answer, Beth turns and stomps upstairs to her room. The mother just doesn’t understand why Beth could be so upset. Beth’s blowup is a reaction to stress. Many teenagers around the world know how Beth feels. Teenagers deal with stress everyday. Stress is the physical and mental pressure you feel from certain circumstances (Kowalski 2). Stress also affects your entire body. When there is a stressful event your body automatically causes the adrenal glands to release adrenaline. The brain of the body also signals the pituitary gland to release another hormone called ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone). With all the hormones releasing at once it causes the heart rate and blood pressure to rise in the body. Which causes the blood to move away from the digestive system toward the brain and muscles, and leaves the stomach feeling upset (Kowalski 7). One of the many steps in dealing with stress is to first identify the problem and the causes. Everyone experiences some stress but teenagers have the most (Johnson 14). According to Donald Freedheim from Case Western Reserve University, that the teenage years present challenges and that teens go through many biological changes (Kowalski 7). Many other causes of teenage stress comes from school work, grades, college, and jobs. Many teens are dealing with identity and independence problems at the same time. All of these experiences add up until finally the teen blows u... Free Essays on Teen Stress Free Essays on Teen Stress Teens and Stress: How do they Deal? Beth has had practice for a play four nights a week for the last month. She also has three projects due by Friday, including an English paper. Besides this, Beth has been fighting off a cold and has continued to work at her part time job of twenty hours a week. One night at home Beth’s mother asked her to do the dinner dishes, it was the last straw. â€Å"Why do I always have to do the dishes?† Beth shouts. â€Å"It’s not fair, I am tired of doing everything!† Before her mother can answer, Beth turns and stomps upstairs to her room. The mother just doesn’t understand why Beth could be so upset. Beth’s blowup is a reaction to stress. Many teenagers around the world know how Beth feels. Teenagers deal with stress everyday. Stress is the physical and mental pressure you feel from certain circumstances (Kowalski 2). Stress also affects your entire body. When there is a stressful event your body automatically causes the adrenal glands to release adrenaline. The brain of the body also signals the pituitary gland to release another hormone called ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone). With all the hormones releasing at once it causes the heart rate and blood pressure to rise in the body. Which causes the blood to move away from the digestive system toward the brain and muscles, and leaves the stomach feeling upset (Kowalski 7). One of the many steps in dealing with stress is to first identify the problem and the causes. Everyone experiences some stress but teenagers have the most (Johnson 14). According to Donald Freedheim from Case Western Reserve University, that the teenage years present challenges and that teens go through many biological changes (Kowalski 7). Many other causes of teenage stress comes from school work, grades, college, and jobs. Many teens are dealing with identity and independence problems at the same time. All of these experiences add up until finally the teen blows u...

Machines Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Machines - Essay Example There are other factors beside the physical limitations of human body; these factors include emotions and moods of human beings. Such factors are not in the control of human beings nor can the machines be developed to suit the mood and emotions of the individual who operate them. We can easily observe that in scenarios where machines are manually operated by the humans the maximum efficiencies achieved are not more than 75 to 80 percent however in case of automated machines where machines are operated by humans with the help of other machines the efficiencies achieved can be as high as 99 percent in some of the cases (Kroemer, Kroemer & Kroemer-Elbert, 2001). So when we analyze the prospects of creating machines according to the limitations of human beings, in addition to the physical limitations, emotional limitations should also be considered however incorporating the emotional limitations is very difficult and requires concepts like artificial intelligence to be integrated into th e machines.

Micro economics homework Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Micro economics homework - Assignment Example es like Iceland, Japan, and Norway may end-up continuously and excessively kill endangered species like the humpback and the fin whales either for scientific research and/or commercial purposes (McCurry; Sea Shepherd Conservation Society b, c). The farmers can easily breed chicken but not whales. During the breeding period, the farmers can just put a rooster and hens inside a cage for several days and allow the hens to sit on their eggs while on the nests (Lyons, Collier and Silvy). After a short span of more than 21 days, the farmers can already expect the eggs to hatch (Loch, de Oliveira and de Silva). Even though the birth of twins is possible, Day revealed that â€Å"most females will only give birth to one calf at a time† as compared to multiple eggs in the case of the chicken. Furthermore, it usually takes a longer period of time (between 11 to 17 months) before a female whale can give birth (Day). This explains why the farmers can easily increase the supply of chicken but not the supply of whales. Earlier, it was mentioned that most whales are killed either for scientific research and/or commercial purposes. Considering the differences between the breeding period requirements of chicken and whale, a significant increase in demand for whales would definitely mean an increased risk of endangering the whale species. The Sea Shepherd’s attempt to cut short of Nisshin Maru’s whaling season does not always lead to lower revenue on the part of the whaling company not unless there is a strict government intervention with regards to its selling price. To be able to clearly understand this argument, one has to be clear that a whale is not a homogenous product wherein the buyers could easily find an alternative product (Tewari and Singh 165). Since whales are considered as heterogeneous or differentiated products, the whaling company has the advantage to dictate the market prices of whale products. Based on a simple micro-economic explanation, it is the supply